Your Guide to a Career as an Attorney: How to Start, Thrive, and Succeed in Law
Becoming an attorney can be a smart, meaningful career move. It can also be a costly mistake if you go in with a vague plan, the wrong expectations, or the wrong fit.
Before you commit to law school, you need three things:
- A clear picture of what attorneys actually do day to day
- A realistic view of the hiring and income landscape
- An honest read on whether your strengths match the work
This guide walks you through the full path, from college to licensing, and shows you how to make decisions that protect your time, money, and future options.
If you want an extra layer of clarity, take the CareerFitter Work Personality Test to see how your natural traits line up with different legal paths, like litigation, corporate law, compliance, or public interest work.
Attorney (Lawyer) Career Snapshot (U.S.)
For full career data, see the detailed Attorney (Lawyer) Career Research Report.
- Median Salary: $135,740 per year
- Top 10% Earn: $239,200+ per year
- Job Growth (2022–2032): 8%, about average
- Typical Education: Juris Doctor (J.D.) + state bar license
- Time Commitment: 7 years post-high school (4 undergrad + 3 law school)
- Typical Law School Cost: $100,000–$200,000+ total
- Work Environment: Law firms, corporations, government agencies, nonprofits
- Stress Level: High, especially in litigation and large firms
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Outlook Handbook.
Top 20 Law Schools by First-Time Bar Passage Rate (2025)
Below are the 20 law schools with the highest first-time bar passage rates based on the most recent reported data:
| Rank | Law School | First-Time Bar Passage Rate |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Harvard Law School | 97.86% |
| 2 | Duke University School of Law | 97.48% |
| 3 | University of Chicago Law School | 97.42% |
| 4 | NYU School of Law | 96.72% |
| 5 | University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School | 96.70% |
| 6 | Yale Law School | 96.50% |
| 7 | Stanford Law School | 96.50% |
| 8 | Cornell Law School | 96.41% |
| 9 | Texas A&M University School of Law | 95.98% |
| 10 | University of Texas School of Law | 95.86% |
| 11 | Columbia Law School | 95.85% |
| 12 | University of Michigan Law School | 95.57% |
| 13 | Belmont University College of Law | 95.00% |
| 14 | University of Virginia School of Law | 94.98% |
| 15 | Baylor Law School | 94.92% |
| 16 | University of Utah S.J. Quinney College of Law | 94.74% |
| 17 | Vanderbilt Law School | 94.51% |
| 18 | UCLA School of Law | 94.23% |
| 19 | University of Minnesota Law School | 94.09% |
| 20 | USC Gould School of Law | 94.01% |
Data source: ABA-required disclosures and first-time bar admission reports.
Top 20 Law Schools by Full-Time, Long-Term Bar Admission Required Employment Rate (Class of 2024)
Below are the 20 law schools with the highest percentage of graduates in full-time, long-term jobs that require bar admission about 10 months after graduation:
| Rank | Law School | Employment Rate (Bar Admission Required, LT/FT) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Duke University School of Law | 97.83% |
| 2 | Cornell Law School | 96.43% |
| 3 | Baylor Law School | 95.45% |
| 4 | Washington University School of Law | 95.09% |
| 5 | U. of Virginia School of Law | 94.65% |
| 6 | Columbia Law School | 94.26% |
| 7 | University of Illinois College of Law | 94.09% |
| 8 | University of Chicago Law School | 93.97% |
| 9 | Texas A&M University School of Law | 93.82% |
| 10 | University of Michigan Law School | 93.79% |
| 11 | Northwestern Pritzker School of Law | 93.33% |
| 12 | Notre Dame Law School | 93.05% |
| 13 | University of Texas School of Law | 92.96% |
| 14 | Vanderbilt Law School | 92.17% |
| 15 | U. of Kentucky J. David Rosenberg College of Law | 92.09% |
| 16 | Boston College Law School | 92.10% |
| 17 | UC Berkeley School of Law | 91.90% |
| 18 | University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School | 91.80% |
| 19 | UCLA School of Law | 91.70% |
| 20 | UC Irvine School of Law | 91.50% |
Data source: ABA-reported graduate employment outcomes (summarized by LawHub/Law School Transparency).
Is Becoming an Attorney Worth It?
Law can be financially rewarding and intellectually satisfying. It can also be expensive, competitive, and stressful. Before you commit to three years of law school and potentially six figures of debt, you need to understand how the economics actually work.
Here is the reality.
1. The Salary Range Is Wide
The median salary for attorneys is strong. But that number hides major variation.
Your income will depend heavily on:
- The law school you attend
- Your class rank
- Whether you land a large firm position
- Your geographic market
- Your specialty
Graduates who enter large corporate firms in major cities can start well into six figures. Attorneys in small firms, rural areas, public defense, or nonprofit roles often start much lower.
Law is not a guaranteed high-income path. It is a performance-tiered market.
2. The Debt Is Real
Law school commonly costs $100,000 to $200,000 or more when tuition and living expenses are combined.
That means:
- Your first job salary matters
- Your loan repayment structure matters
- Your employment timing matters
If you graduate without a strong job offer, the financial pressure can shape your career decisions for years.
Before enrolling, calculate:
- Total projected debt
- Realistic starting salary in your target practice area
- Monthly repayment under standard and income-driven plans
If the numbers do not work on paper, they will not magically work after graduation.
Helpful tools:
You can also explore the CareerFitter Scholarship as an additional funding resource to help offset education costs.
Compare Law School Cost of Attendance the Right Way
Law schools publish official cost of attendance budgets that include tuition, fees, and a standard living budget. Because these budgets change every year and vary by state residency and living assumptions, the most reliable way to compare schools is to use standardized, school-reported disclosures.
Use these two sources to compare costs across any ABA-accredited school:
Once you have a school’s annual cost of attendance, a quick planning estimate is Annual COA multiplied by 3, plus interest.
Top 10 Highest-Cost Law Schools (Estimated Annual COA, 2025–2026)
The chart and table below use each school’s published 2025–2026 tuition and living budget to estimate annual cost of attendance (tuition plus living). This is a planning estimate, not a bill.
| Rank | Law School | Estimated Annual COA | Estimated 3-Year COA (No Interest) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Stanford Law School | $130,809 | $392,427 |
| 2 | NYU School of Law | $123,308 | $369,924 |
| 3 | University of Chicago Law School | $120,324 | $360,972 |
| 4 | Columbia Law School | $119,944 | $359,832 |
| 5 | Cornell Law School | $118,364 | $355,092 |
| 6 | USC Gould School of Law | $118,246 | $354,738 |
| 7 | Harvard Law School | $117,382 | $352,146 |
| 8 | University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School | $116,132 | $348,396 |
| 9 | Northwestern Pritzker School of Law | $108,803 | $326,409 |
| 10 | Duke University School of Law | $107,945 | $323,835 |
Data source: LawHub / Law School Transparency school pages (tuition and living budget, based on ABA-reported disclosures).
3. The Hiring Funnel Is Structured
Legal hiring is not random.
At many schools, large firms hire primarily through:
- On-campus recruiting
- Summer associate programs
- Top-tier academic performance
That means early law school performance can significantly influence long-term earning trajectory.
This is not meant to intimidate you. It is meant to clarify the system.
Students who understand this structure early position themselves differently. They pursue internships strategically. They network intentionally. They choose electives based on hiring demand, not curiosity alone.
4. Burnout and Stress Are Real Factors
Law consistently ranks as a high-pressure profession.
Common stress drivers include:
- Billable hour requirements
- Adversarial environments
- Client conflict
- Long hours
- High responsibility
Some personalities thrive in structured, competitive, detail-heavy environments.
Others find the constant pressure draining.
Being honest about your stress tolerance and conflict comfort is not weakness. It is strategic self-awareness.
If you are unsure how your personality aligns with this type of environment, the CareerFitter Work Personality Test can help you evaluate whether your natural strengths match legal work styles.
So Is It Worth It?
It is worth it if:
- You enjoy analytical problem-solving
- You are comfortable with structured competition
- You can tolerate delayed rewards
- You are willing to play a performance-driven system
- The financial math works for your situation
It is not worth it if:
- You dislike conflict
- You prefer loosely structured work
- You are highly debt-averse without strong earning potential
- You are choosing law only because it sounds impressive
Law is a high-commitment career. The difference is clarity before you commit.
Step-by-Step: How to Become an Attorney
Once you understand the economics and hiring structure, here is the path itself:
Step 1: Earn a Bachelor's Degree (4 Years)
No matter which area of law you pursue, earning your bachelor’s degree is your first official step. Law schools care about intellectual rigor, strong writing skills, and a history of academic excellence.
What Should You Major In?
You can major in virtually anything, as long as you demonstrate critical thinking and communication skills.
Popular majors for future attorneys:
- Political Science
- Philosophy
- English or Communications
- History
- Economics or Business
- Psychology or Sociology
If you want ideas beyond majors, browse CareerFitter’s Research Careers library to explore roles that match your strengths before you invest in law school.
How to Stand Out as a Pre-Law Student
Law schools look for:
- A strong GPA (3.5+ is ideal for top programs)
- Challenging coursework
- Leadership roles
- Legal or government internships
- Research or writing-intensive experience
Step 2: Take the LSAT
The LSAT measures reasoning, analysis, and critical thinking under pressure.
Strong performance can expand your law school options and scholarship opportunities.
Key sections include:
- Logical Reasoning
- Analytical Reasoning
- Reading Comprehension
- Writing Sample
Prepare 3 to 6 months in advance and practice under timed conditions.
For official dates, registration, and prep resources, start with the LSAC website.
Step 3: Attend Law School and Earn a J.D. (3 Years)
Law school builds your legal foundation and professional network.
1L typically includes:
- Contracts
- Civil Procedure
- Constitutional Law
- Criminal Law
- Torts
- Legal Research and Writing
2L and 3L often include clinics, externships, law review, and electives aligned with your intended specialty.
Choose a law school based on:
- Bar passage rates (compare schools using the ABA Bar Passage/Admission Outcomes database)
- Employment outcomes (see ABA Employment Outcomes data)
- Cost and scholarships
- Geographic placement
- Support systems
To confirm a school is accredited, use the ABA’s official list of Council-Approved Law Schools.
Step 4: Pass the Bar Exam
Most states use the Uniform Bar Exam, which includes:
- Multistate Bar Examination
- Multistate Essay Examination
- Multistate Performance Test
Preparation typically requires 8 to 10 weeks of full-time study.
To understand pass rates by jurisdiction and exam cycle, review the NCBE statistics hub.
To see which states use the Uniform Bar Exam and current UBE rules, review the NCBE UBE information page.
Step 5: Get Licensed and Start Practicing
After passing the bar, you must complete character and fitness review and take an oath before practicing.
To look up your state’s exact admissions steps and required forms, use the NCBE Jurisdictions directory.
First jobs may include:
- Private law firms
- Government roles
- In-house corporate counsel
- Nonprofits
- Judicial clerkships
How to Choose Your Legal Specialty
Ask yourself:
- Do you want courtroom work or advisory work?
- Do you prefer working with individuals or corporations?
- What issues genuinely interest you?
Common specialties include:
- Corporate law
- Criminal defense
- Family law
- Immigration law
- Environmental law
If you want to explore adjacent career paths that often intersect with legal work, CareerFitter’s category pages can help you scan options quickly:
Pro Insights from the Field
- Your first job does not define your entire career.
- Networking influences hiring more than most applicants expect.
- Law school teaches theory; practice teaches application.
- Many J.D. holders transition into business, consulting, or policy roles.
Actionable Next Steps
- Take the CareerFitter Work Personality Test to evaluate your fit.
- Research LSAT timelines and preparation strategies.
- Shadowing an Attorney in a field that interests you.
- Compare law school employment reports before applying.

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